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TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15th 2013
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE WILL
Future Simple Tense
| I will sing |
The future simple tense is often called will, because we make the future simple tense with the modal auxiliary will.
How do we make the Future Simple Tense?
The structure of the future simple tense is:
| subject | + | auxiliary verb WILL | + | main verb |
| invariable | base | |||
| will | V1 | |||
For negative sentences in the future simple tense, we insert not between the auxiliary verb and main verb. For question sentences, we exchange the subject and auxiliary verb. Look at these example sentences with the future simple tense:
| subject | auxiliary verb | main verb | |||
| + | I | will | open | the door. | |
| + | You | will | finish | before me. | |
| - | She | will | not | be | at school tomorrow. |
| - | We | will | not | leave | yet. |
| ? | Will | you | arrive | on time? | |
| ? | Will | they | want | dinner? |
When we use the future simple tense in speaking, we often contract the subject and auxiliary verb:
| I will | I'll |
| you will | you'll |
| he will she will it will | he'll she'll it'll |
| we will | we'll |
| they will | they'll |
For negative sentences in the future simple tense, we contract with won't, like this:
| I will not | I won't |
| you will not | you won't |
| he will not she will not it will not | he won't she won't it won't |
| we will not | we won't |
| they will not | they won't |
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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16th 2013
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE WILL
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE WILL
How do we use the Future Simple Tense?
No Plan
We use the future simple tense when there is no plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make the decision spontaneously at the time of speaking. Look at these examples:
- Hold on. I'll get a pen.
- We will see what we can do to help you.
- Maybe we'll stay in and watch television tonight.
In these examples, we had no firm plan before speaking. The decision is made at the time of speaking.
We often use the future simple tense with the verb to think before it:
- I think I'll go to the gym tomorrow.
- I think I will have a holiday next year.
- I don't think I'll buy that car.
Prediction
We often use the future simple tense to make a prediction about the future. Again, there is no firm plan. We are saying what we think will happen. Here are some examples:
- It will rain tomorrow.
- People won't go to Jupiter before the 22nd century.
- Who do you think will get the job?
Be
When the main verb is be, we can use the future simple tense even if we have a firm plan or decision before speaking. Examples:
- I'll be in London tomorrow.
- I'm going shopping. I won't be very long.
- Will you be at work tomorrow?
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17th 2013
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE GOING TO
Going to
Going to is not a tense. It is a special expression to talk about the future.
Structure of Going to
The structure is:
subject + be + going + infinitive
The verb be is conjugated (past, present or future).
| subject | be | (not) | going | infinitive | ||
| + | I | am | going | to buy | a new car. | |
| + | I'm | going | to go | swimming. | ||
| - | He | is | not | going | to take | the exam. |
| - | It | isn't | going | to rain. | ||
| ? | Are | you | going | to paint | the house? | |
Use of Going to
Going to - intention
We use going to when we have the intention to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision before speaking. Look at these examples:
- Jo has won the lottery. He says he's going to buy a Porsche.
- We're not going to paint our bedroom tomorrow.
- When are you going to go on holiday?
In these examples, we had an intention or plan before speaking. The decision was made before speaking.
Going to - prediction
We often use going to to make a prediction about the future. Our prediction is based on presentevidence. We are saying what we think will happen. Here are some examples:
- The sky is very black. It's going to snow.
- It's 8.30! You're going to miss the train!
- I crashed the company car. My boss isn't going to be very happy!
In these examples, the present situation (black sky, the time, damaged car) gives us a good idea of what is going to happen.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18th 2013
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE GOING TO AND WILL
Exercise on Future I Simple (will)
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vocabulario para la semana del 20 al 23
British and American terms
American British Spanish
antenna aerial antena
apartment flat departamento
baggage luggage equipaje
cab taxi taxi
can tin lata
candy sweet caramelo
chips crisps papas fritas (en bolsa)
closet wardrobe armario
cookie biscuit galletita
corn maize maíz
cuff turn-up dobladillo del pantalón
diaper nappy pañal
drapes curtains cortinas
elevator lift ascensor
eraser rubber goma de borrar
fall autumn otoño
faucet tap grifo
fender bumper paragolpes
first floor ground floor planta baja
flashlight torch linterna
fries chips papas fritas (calientes)
garbage rubbish basura
garbage can dustbin tacho/cubo de basura
garbage collector dustman basurero
gas pedal accelerator acelerador
gasoline petrol gasolina
gear shift gear lever palanca de cambios
highway motorway autopista
hood bonnet capó
jello jelly gelatina
kerosene paraffin queroseno
license plate number plate patente
line queue cola, fila
mail post correo
movie film película
movie theater cinema cine
odometer milometer contador de kilómetros
overalls dungarees jardinero, peto
pajamas pyjamas pijama
pants trousers pantalones
parking lot car park estacionamiento
period full stop punto
pinafore duster delantal
Scotch tape Sellotape cinta adhesiva
side mirror wing mirror espejo retrovisor lateral
sidewalk pavement acera
muffler silencer silenciador
sneakers trainers zapatillas
soccer football fútbol
splash guard mudflap guardabarros
stove cooker cocina
subway underground metro
suspenders braces tiradores
tire tyre neumático
truck lorry camión
trunk boot baúl
undershirt vest camiseta
vacation holiday vacaciones
vest waistcoat chaleco
windshield windscreen parabrisas
tuesday, august 6th 2013
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
american english phonetics
Pronunciations in the American English and Essential American English dictionary do not use the 'long vowel' marker /ː/ and, in place of the syllable division marker /./, they use a raised dot /·/.
Vowels
Long Vowels
| Short Vowels
|
Consonants
Voiced
| Voiceless
|
Diphthongs
| eɪ | day |
| aɪ | eye |
| ɔɪ | boy |
| aʊ | mouth |
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thursday, august 8th 2013friday schedule
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
american english phonology
North American English regional phonology is the study of variations in the pronunciation of spoken English by the inhabitants of various parts of North America (United States and Canada).North American English can be divided into several regional dialects based on phonological, phonetic, lexical, and some syntactic features. North American English includes American English, which has several highly developed and distinct regional varieties, along with the closely related Canadian English, which is more homogeneous. American English (especially Western dialects) and Canadian English have more in common with each other than with the many varieties of English outside North America.
The most recent work documenting and studying the phonology of North American English dialects as a whole is the Atlas of North American English by William Labov, Sharon Ash, and Charles Boberg, on which much of the description below is based, following on a tradition of sociolinguistics dating to the 1960s; earlier large-scale American dialectology focused more on lexical variation than on phonology.
tuesday, august 13th 2013
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
british english phonetics
Phonemic Chart
This phonemic chart uses symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). IPA symbols are useful for learning pronunciation. The symbols on this chart represent the 44 sounds used in British English speech (Received Pronunciation or RP, an educated accent associated with but not exclusive to south-east England).
Learners and teachers may want to print a copy of this phonemic chart to keep close at hand for reference.
wednesday, august 14th 2013
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
EXAMPLES WITH BRITISH VOWELS |
| SYMBOL | NAME | EXAMPLES | VIDEOS | Usual Spelling |
 | tea | seat bean cheek sheep teen | TEA | ee / ea |
 | ship | sit bin chick lip tin | SHIP | i |
 | bell | set neck ten fell men | BELL | e |
 | cat | sat ban lack pan hat | CAT | a |
 | hut | cut bun luck much cup | HUT | u |
 | car | cart barn cast march part | CAR | ar |
 | sock | cot lock posh fox cod | SOCK | o |
 | fork | caught port forks cord born | FORK | or / au / aw |
 | cook | pull could put look foot | COOK | oo / (u) |
 | boot | fool Luke soon brute mood | BOOT | oo / (u) |
 | girl | bird turn perch shirt learn | GIRL | er / ir / ur |
 | schwa |  Barbara Photograph a house the sun station | SCHWA | any vowel or vowel combination |
Note about length for speakers whose language doesn't make a difference between short and long vowels:
In English, vowels may be short or long. The phonetic symbols followed by colon (:) are long vowels.
Short vowels are very short, and long vowels usually take more than double the time to pronounce. All the English vowels sound different, but if you pronounce them with a foreign accent some of them may be confused; respecting the short-long difference will help natives to understand you.
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thursday, august 15th 2013
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
COMPARISON OF AMERICAN AND BRITISH SOUNDS
|
|
- 1. Almost all dictionaries use the
esymbol for the vowel in bed. The problem with this convention is thatein the IPA does not stand for the vowel in bed; it stands for a different vowel that is heard, for example, in the German word Seele. The “proper” symbol for the bedvowel isɛ(do not confuse withɜ:). The same goes foreəvs.ɛə. - 2. In
əʳandɜ:ʳ, theʳis not pronounced in BrE, unless the sound comes before a vowel (as inanswering, answer it). In AmE, theʳis always pronounced, and the sounds are sometimes written asɚandɝ. - 3. In AmE,
ɑ:andɒare one vowel, so calm and cot have the same vowel. In American transcriptions, hot is written ashɑ:t. - 4. About 40% of Americans pronounce
ɔ:the same way asɑ:, so that caught and cot have the same vowel. See cot-caught merger. - 5. In American transcriptions,
ɔ:is often written asɒ:(e.g. law =lɒ:), unless it is followed byr, in which case it remains anɔ:. - 6. In British transcriptions,
oʊis usually represented asəʊ. For some BrE speakers,oʊis more appropriate (they use a rounded vowel) — for others, the proper symbol isəʊ. For American speakers,oʊis usually more accurate. - 7. In
eəʳɪəʳʊəʳ, theris not pronounced in BrE, unless the sound comes before a vowel (as indearest, dear Ann). In AmE, theris always pronounced, and the sounds are often written aserɪrʊr. - 8. All dictionaries use the
rsymbol for the first sound in red. The problem with this convention is thatrin the IPA does not stand for the British or American r; it stands for the “hard” r that is heard, for example, in the Spanish word rey or Italian vero. The “proper” symbol for thered consonant isɹ. - 9. In American English,
tis often pronounced as a flap t, which sounds likedor (more accurately) like the quick, hard r heard e.g. in the Spanish word pero. For example: letter. Some dictionaries use thet ̬symbol for the flap t.
friday, august 16th 2013
topic: american-british english phonetics and phonology
| IPA | what it means |
|---|---|
ˈ | The vertical line (ˈ) is used to show word stress. It is placed before the stressed syllable in a word. For example, /ˈkɒntrækt/ is pronounced like this, and/kənˈtrækt/ like that. Word stress is explained in our article about phonetic transcription. |
ʳ | ʳ is not a sound — it is a short way of saying that an r is pronounced only in American English. For example, if you write that the pronunciation of bar is/bɑ:ʳ/, you mean that it is /bɑ:r/ in American English, and /bɑ:/ in British English. |
i | i is usually pronounced like a shorter version of i:, but sometimes (especially in an old-fashioned British accent) it can sound like ɪ. Examples: very /ˈveri/, create/kriˈeɪt/, previous /ˈpri:viəs/, ability /əˈbɪlɪti/. |
əl | əl means that the consonant l is pronounced as a separate syllable (the syllabic l, which sounds like a vowel), or that there is a short ə sound before it. Examples:little /ˈlɪtəl/, uncle /ˈʌŋkəl/.
Instead of the
əl symbol, some dictionaries use an l with a small vertical line underneath, or simply l, as in /ˈlɪtl/. |
ən | ən means that the consonant n is pronounced as a separate syllable (the syllabic n, which sounds like a vowel), or that there is a short ə sound before it. Examples:written /ˈrɪtən/, listen /ˈlɪsən/.
Instead of the
ən symbol, some dictionaries use an n with a small vertical line underneath, or simply n, as in /ˈrɪtn/. |
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CONTINUE...
WRITE THIS INFORMATION
-ING vs TO INF VERBS
1- Fill in the gaps with the right form of the verb:
a) I can't afford (GO) on vacation right now. I've got too many expenses.
b) If you happen (COME) to Glasgow in summer, please give me a call!
c) She doesn't mind (HELP) us with the party.
d) Lisa enjoys (LOOK) around antique shops.
e) We could go for a walk when you finish (DO) your homework.
f) We shouldn't forget (CALL) her before we leave for the airport.
g) I hope (BECOME) an excellent lawyer one day.
h) I can't stand (HAVE) to do housework on Saturdays. It kills me!
i) Do you fancy (WATCH) a horror movie tonight?
j) Luisa and Justin decided (SPEND) their vacation in Italy.
k) I don't mind (GO) on a cruise this year. We can always go backpacking next summer.
l) You should remember (BUY) a present for your parents. It's their 30th wedding anniversary.
a) I can't afford (GO) on vacation right now. I've got too many expenses.
b) If you happen (COME) to Glasgow in summer, please give me a call!
c) She doesn't mind (HELP) us with the party.
d) Lisa enjoys (LOOK) around antique shops.
e) We could go for a walk when you finish (DO) your homework.
f) We shouldn't forget (CALL) her before we leave for the airport.
g) I hope (BECOME) an excellent lawyer one day.
h) I can't stand (HAVE) to do housework on Saturdays. It kills me!
i) Do you fancy (WATCH) a horror movie tonight?
j) Luisa and Justin decided (SPEND) their vacation in Italy.
k) I don't mind (GO) on a cruise this year. We can always go backpacking next summer.
l) You should remember (BUY) a present for your parents. It's their 30th wedding anniversary.
Adjectives ending in “ED” and ”ING”
Some adjectives have the characteristic of ending in “ed” and “ing”.
Let’s ltake a look at the rules.
§ We use adjectives
ending in “ING” to describe something or someone.
Examples:
Maria is watching a very interesting movie.
I hate that teacher. He is really boring.
Maria is watching a very interesting movie.
I hate that teacher. He is really boring.
§ We use adjectives
ending in “ED” when we want to describe how people feel.
Examples:
This movie isn’t interesting. I am bored.
Juan is very exited because he is going to travel to Miami for the first time.
This movie isn’t interesting. I am bored.
Juan is very exited because he is going to travel to Miami for the first time.
Conclusions
- We can use adjectives ending in “ing” for things or people. Remember that when we use “ing” it is describing the person or thing.
- We can use the “ed” ONLY for people (or animals) because THINGS CANNOT FEEL.
- We can use adjectives ending in “ing” for things or people. Remember that when we use “ing” it is describing the person or thing.
- We can use the “ed” ONLY for people (or animals) because THINGS CANNOT FEEL.
We can say:
Felipe is boring. (describes his personality).
Felipe is bored. (he feels bored at the moment)
Felipe is boring. (describes his personality).
Felipe is bored. (he feels bored at the moment)
We can’t say:
The TV program is bored – INCORRECT (because things can’t feel).
The TV program is bored – INCORRECT (because things can’t feel).
Adjectives
ending in -ed and -ing list.
PRINT THE LIST BELLOW
Exercises
Choose the
correct form of the adjective according to the context.
1) Monday is very bored
/ boring. It is the first day of the week.
2) I’m bored / boring with my job. It’s always the same.
3) When we lost the football game, we felt depressed / depressing.
4) My team never wins. It is very depressed / depressing.
5) Reading a book is very relaxed / relaxing.
6) I am very relaxed / relaxing at the weekend.
7) The movie I watched yesterday was very interested / interesting.
8) I’m not very interested / interesting in studying French. I prefer English.
9) Julio is very exited / exiting about his brand new car.
10) The Barcelona – Inter match was very exited / exiting.
2) I’m bored / boring with my job. It’s always the same.
3) When we lost the football game, we felt depressed / depressing.
4) My team never wins. It is very depressed / depressing.
5) Reading a book is very relaxed / relaxing.
6) I am very relaxed / relaxing at the weekend.
7) The movie I watched yesterday was very interested / interesting.
8) I’m not very interested / interesting in studying French. I prefer English.
9) Julio is very exited / exiting about his brand new car.
10) The Barcelona – Inter match was very exited / exiting.
Fill the gaps with the adjectives in brackets.
|
|
1
|
He's such a monotonous speaker. I was ________________ stiff. (bored /
boring)
|
2
|
Most
sequels are ________________. (disappointed / disappointing)
|
3
|
I had
such a ________________ day I went straight to bed. (tired / tiring)
|
4
|
Everyone's
very ________________ about the news. (excited / exciting)
|
5
|
That
lamp produces a very ________________ effect. (pleased / pleasing)
|
6
|
The
whole school was ________________ by the tragic event. (saddened / saddening)
|
7
|
I don't
like watching ________________ films on my own. (depressed / depressing)
|
8
|
I was
________________ when she told me she'd got divorced. (amazed / amazing)
|
9
|
He's
such a ________________ guy. He only ever talks about himself. (bored /
boring)
|
10
|
I'm
very ________________ in films and theatre. (interested / interesting)
|
11
|
No one
knew what would happen next. We were all ________________ . (intrigued /
intriguing)
|
12
|
It was
a very ________________ situation. (interested / interesting)
|
13
|
There's
been some very ________________ news. (surprised / surprising)
|
14
|
His
mother was ________________ by what she found under his bed. (disgusted /
disgusting)
|
15
|
Their
hamburgers are ________________ . (disgusted / disgusting)
|
16
|
Dad
always arrives home from work thoroughly ________________ . (exhausted /
exhausting)
|
17
|
He's
always showing off. It's really ________________ . (annoyed / annoying)
|
18
|
I think
Alex is one of the most ________________ people I've ever met. He can't keep
still for a second. (annoyed / annoying)
|
19
|
I
walked into this restaurant and there was Andy with a strange woman. He
seemed really ________________ . (embarrassed / embarrassing)
|
20
|
She
kept talking about her boyfriend problems all night. It was rather
________________ . (embarrassed / embarrassing)
|
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LAB ACTIVITY FOR THURSDAY 23
http://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/345.html
EXCERCISES
present perfect
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Infinitive or -ing?
Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:
- -ing form (doing, singing)
or - infinitive form (to do, to sing).
For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?
- I dislike working late. (???)
- I dislike to work late. (???)
When to use the infinitive
The infinitive form is used after certain verbs:
- forget, help, learn, teach, train
- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
- agree, encourage, pretend, promise
- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
- forget, help, learn, teach, train
- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
- agree, encourage, pretend, promise
- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
- I forgot to close the window.
- Mary needs to leave early.
- Why are they encouraged to learn English?
- We can't afford to take a long holiday.
The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example:
- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
- I was happy to help them.
- She will be delighted to see you.
This includes too + adjective:
- The water was too cold to swim in.
- Is your coffee too hot to drink?
The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough:
- He was strong enough to lift it.
- She is rich enough to buy two.
When to use -ing
The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause:
- Swimming is good exercise.
- Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
The -ing form is used after a preposition:
- I look forward to meeting you.
- They left without saying "Goodbye."
The -ing form is used after certain verbs:
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
- I dislike getting up early.
- Would you mind opening the window?
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THE END...
_________________________________________________________________________________
MAY 7 2013
1. PRINT THE FOLLOWING WORKSHEET AND SOLVE IT IN CLASS
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SOLVE THE FOLLOWING EXCERCISES
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/adjectives_adverbs/adverbs_of_frequency.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/adjectives_adverbs/adverbs_of_frequency1.htm
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-adverbs-frequency.php
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REINFORCEMENT WORKSHOP FOR 10º GRADE
ESTUDIANTES QUE DEBEN PRESENTAR RECUPERACION:
BECERRA BERNAL
HASLEIDY ANDREA
10-01
|
BLANCO
JIMENEZ ALVARO ANDRES
10-01
|
CARREÑO
HOYOS JOSE LUIS
10-01
|
GALVIS
RODRIGUEZ LIZETH FERNANDA
|
JAIMES
FRANCO ANDRES FERNANDO
10-01
|
MANTILLA
PRADA MARIA JOSE
|
PEÑA
VESGA YERNANDO
10-01
|
SERRATO
GUTIERREZ DIANA VALENTINA
|
SILVA
CADENA GABRIELA
10-01
|
TELLEZ
QUIROGA ANDRES FELIPE
10-01
|
TOLOZA
TEATINO MARIA FERNANDA
10-01
|
VILLAMIZAR
CORREDOR JURLY MAREY
|
FANDIÑO
ARDILA SILVIA NATALIA 10-02
|
GOMEZ
DUARTE FRANYER SEBASTIAN
10-02
|
RUEDA
GALVIS JOSE LEONARDO
10-02
|
SOTELO
ALARCON LEONAL STEVEN
10-02
|
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